6月12日至17日在瑞士日內(nèi)瓦舉行的世界貿(mào)易組織第12屆部長級會議就新冠疫苗知識產(chǎn)權(quán)豁免達成部長決定。商務(wù)部稱,在會議談判的關(guān)鍵階段,作為新冠疫苗生產(chǎn)和供應(yīng)大國,中國主動宣布不尋求享受豁免決定所提供的靈活性,彰顯了大國擔(dān)當(dāng)。
A major decision on the waiver of intellectual property rights for COVID-19 vaccines was made at the World Trade Organization's Ministerial Conference Twelfth Session (MC12) from June 12 to 17 in Geneva, Switzerland. At a pivotal stage of MC12 negotiations, China, as a major producer and a supplier of COVID-19 vaccines, announced that it will forego the flexibility of the Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights waiver on COVID-19 vaccines, which shows China's sense of responsibility as a major country, an official with the Ministry of Commerce said.
2022年5月29日,新一批中國政府援助的新冠疫苗和醫(yī)療物資抵達緬甸仰光國際機場。(圖片來源:新華社)
【知識點】
世界貿(mào)易組織第12屆部長級會議取得了一項備受矚目的重要成果——關(guān)于新冠疫苗知識產(chǎn)權(quán)豁免的協(xié)議。該協(xié)議將允許發(fā)展中成員在未經(jīng)專利權(quán)人許可的情況下授權(quán)生產(chǎn)新冠疫苗,并向其他符合條件的發(fā)展中成員出口。中國為這一協(xié)議的達成作出了重要貢獻,在談判關(guān)鍵時刻發(fā)揮了建設(shè)性作用。作為新冠疫苗生產(chǎn)和供應(yīng)大國,中國主動宣布不尋求享受豁免決定所提供的靈活性,彰顯了大國擔(dān)當(dāng),為決定順利提交多邊進程并最終達成會議成果奠定了基礎(chǔ)。
當(dāng)前,百年變局和世紀(jì)疫情疊加影響,給全球經(jīng)貿(mào)發(fā)展帶來諸多不確定因素,也給多邊貿(mào)易體制帶來嚴(yán)峻挑戰(zhàn)。中方一直以來都支持新冠肺炎疫苗知識產(chǎn)權(quán)豁免,并積極參與世貿(mào)組織框架下關(guān)于新冠疫苗知識產(chǎn)權(quán)豁免議題磋商。就新冠疫苗知識產(chǎn)權(quán)豁免達成部長決定,體現(xiàn)了世貿(mào)組織在積極應(yīng)對全球挑戰(zhàn)方面發(fā)揮的關(guān)鍵作用,傳遞出世貿(mào)組織成員團結(jié)合作的精神,有力提振了各方對多邊貿(mào)易體制的信心。此外,決定為實現(xiàn)新冠疫苗在發(fā)展中成員的本地化生產(chǎn)提供法律上的保障和程序上的便利,這體現(xiàn)了協(xié)定所倡導(dǎo)的通過知識產(chǎn)權(quán)的保護和實施,促進技術(shù)轉(zhuǎn)讓和傳播,保護公共健康和社會福利的宗旨和目標(biāo)。這份重要成果將為彌合全球“疫苗鴻溝”,提升發(fā)展中成員對新冠疫苗的可及性和可負(fù)擔(dān)性發(fā)揮重要作用,推動構(gòu)建人類衛(wèi)生健康共同體。
【重要講話】
各國要相互支持,加強防疫措施協(xié)調(diào),完善全球公共衛(wèi)生治理,形成應(yīng)對疫情的強大國際合力。要堅持疫苗作為全球公共產(chǎn)品的屬性,確保疫苗在發(fā)展中國家的可及性和可負(fù)擔(dān)性。
It is essential that countries support each other, better coordinate response measures and improve global public health governance, so as to form strong international synergy against the pandemic. We must keep COVID vaccines a global public good and ensure their accessibility and affordability in developing countries.
——2022年4月21日,習(xí)近平在博鰲亞洲論壇2022年年會開幕式上的主旨演講
世界各國要加強國際抗疫合作,積極開展藥物研發(fā)合作,共筑多重抗疫防線,加快建設(shè)人類衛(wèi)生健康共同體。特別是要用好疫苗這個有力武器,確保疫苗公平分配,加快推進接種速度,彌合國際“免疫鴻溝”,把生命健康守護好、把人民生活保障好。
Countries need to strengthen international cooperation against COVID-19, carry out active cooperation on research and development of medicines, jointly build multiple lines of defense against the coronavirus, and speed up efforts to build a global community of health for all. Of particular importance is to fully leverage vaccines as a powerful weapon, ensure their equitable distribution, quicken vaccination and close the global immunization gap, so as to truly safeguard people's lives, health and livelihoods.
——2022年1月17日,習(xí)近平在世界經(jīng)濟論壇視頻會議的演講
【相關(guān)詞匯】
人類衛(wèi)生健康共同體
a global community of health for all
全球公共產(chǎn)品
global public good